A Randomized Phase II Study of Mosunetuzumab SC Plus Polatuzumab Vedotin Demonstrates Improved Outcomes Versus Rituximab Plus Polatuzumab Vedotin in Patients (Pts) with Relapsed or Refractory (R/R) Large B-Cell Lymphoma (LBCL)

Background: The ongoing Phase Ib/II study (NCT03671018) evaluates mosunetuzumab (Mosun) plus polatuzumab vedotin (Pola; M-Pola) in pts with R/R LBCL. The Phase II single-arm expansion cohort showed a manageable safety profile and highly durable responses with M (IV administration)-Pola at primary analysis (Budde et al. Nat Med 2024). To delineate the contribution of Mosun to the M-Pola combination, we conducted an analysis of a Phase II randomized cohort evaluating M (SC administration)-Pola vs rituximab (R)-Pola in R/R LBCL.

Methods: Eligible pts had confirmed R/R LBCL (diffuse LBCL [DLBCL] not otherwise specified, follicular lymphoma [FL] Grade [Gr] 3b, high-grade B-cell lymphoma [HGBCL], or transformed [tr]FL) and had received ≥1 prior therapy (including an anti-CD20 antibody). Pts were randomized 1:1 to M (SC)-Pola or R-Pola (stratified by number of prior therapies [1 vs ≥2]). Treatment cycles were 21 days. Mosun SC was given with Cycle (C)1 step-up dosing (5mg on C1 Day [D]1; 45mg on C1D8, C1D15, and D1 of C2-8) to mitigate cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Hospitalization was not mandatory. Pola IV (1.8mg/kg) was given on D1 of C1-6. Rituximab IV (375mg/m²) was given on D1 of C1-8. Pts on R-Pola with disease progression during or at end of treatment (EOT) or stable disease at EOT could cross over to receive M-Pola (up to 8 cycles of cumulative Pola). Primary endpoint was best ORR using Lugano 2014 criteria. CRS events were defined per ASTCT criteria.

Results: As of January 30, 2024, 80 pts were enrolled to receive M (SC)-Pola (n=40) or R-Pola (n=40). 20 pts on R-Pola received crossover treatment with M-Pola, and 1 pt in the R-Pola arm did not receive treatment (study withdrawal). For M-Pola vs R-Pola, median age was 71.5 vs 67.0 years, 48% vs 54% had IPI 3-5, and 78% vs 85% had Ann Arbor Stage III/IV disease, 68% vs 82% of pts had DLBCL, 8% vs 3% of pts had Gr 3b FL, and 25% vs 15% of pts had HGBCL; among pts with DLBCL and HGBCL, 13% vs 23% had trFL. Median number of prior therapies in the M-Pola vs R-Pola arms was 2 (range 1-5) vs 3 (range 1-9), 35% vs 39% of pts received prior CAR-T, and 15% vs 23% had prior ASCT. A total of 50% vs 62% of pts on M-Pola vs R-Pola were primary refractory (relapse <6 months after first-line [1L] therapy), 71% (n=10/14) vs 80% (n=12/15) were refractory to CAR-T, and 13% vs 8% had early relapse (6-12 months after 1L therapy).

For M-Pola vs R-Pola, ORR was 78% (95% CI: 61.6-89.2) vs 50% (95% CI: 33.8-66.2), CR rate was 58% (95% CI: 40.9-73.0) vs 35% (95% CI: 20.6-51.7), median duration of response was NR vs 10.1 months (95% CI: 3.6-NR; HR 0.40 [95% CI: 0.1-1.2]), median duration of CR was NR in both arms (HR 0.38 [95% CI: 0.1-1.3]), and median PFS was NR vs 6.4 months (95% CI: 4.7-NR; HR 0.48 [95% CI: 0.2-1.0]). OS was NR in the M-Pola and R-Pola arms (median follow-up 18 months).

Adverse events (AEs) occurring in ≥30% of pts with M-Pola were injection-site reaction (55%), diarrhea (48%), fatigue (35%), and constipation (30%). AEs in ≥30% of pts with R-Pola were nausea (36%), diarrhea (33%), and fatigue (33%). Serious AE rates were similar between arms (M-Pola, 33%; R-Pola, 26%). The most common Gr 3/4 AE in both arms was neutropenia (M-Pola, 30%; R-Pola, 21%). One Gr 3 febrile neutropenia event occurred with M-Pola. Gr 5 AEs occurred in 2 (5%) pts on M-Pola (both COVID-19 related) vs 1 (3%) pt on R-Pola (hepatic failure). CRS events occurred in 4 (10%) pts on M-Pola (all Gr 1/2, all during C1, all resolved). Median CRS duration was 3 days (range 2-5), and 1 pt was treated with tocilizumab. In pts experiencing CRS, mean IL-6 and IFN-γ levels were elevated ~2-fold 24 hours after Mosun SC treatment. Peripheral neuropathy (PN) occurred in 4 (10%) pts on M-Pola (Gr 1, n=3; Gr 2, n=1) and 2 (5%) pts on R-Pola (all Gr 1). One neurologic event potentially consistent with ICANS was observed with M-Pola (Gr 2 seizure). Serious infections occurred in 9 (23%) pts on M-Pola and 7 (18%) pts on R-Pola (mainly COVID-19/COVID-19 pneumonia). Treatment was discontinued due to AEs in 3 pts on M-Pola (PN, n=2 [1 Pola related]; COVID-19 pneumonia, n=1]); and 2 pts on R-Pola (PN, n=1; pain in extremity, n=1 [neither treatment related]).

Conclusions: Fixed-duration outpatient M (SC)-Pola improved efficacy, with higher ORR and CR rate, promising durability, low rates of CRS events, and no excess toxicities vs R-Pola in pts with R/R LBCL. These results strongly support the continued evaluation of the M (SC)-Pola regimen being investigated in the Phase III SUNMO study (NCT05171647).

Chavez:GenMab: Consultancy, Research Funding; Cellectis: Consultancy; Lilly: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Merck: Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria; ADC Therapeutics: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Allogene: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy; BeiGene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Olszewski:Genmab, Schrodinger, ADC Therapeutics, Beigene, Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy; Genmab, Schrodinger, Genentech, Precision Biosciences, Artiva, Pfizer, Kymera Therapeutics: Research Funding. Bastos-Oreiro:AbbVie, BMS, Incyte, Janssen, Kite, Lilly, Novartis, Roche: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Hospital Gregorio Maranon: Current Employment; Kite, Roche: Research Funding; Spanish Society of haematology, Madrid association of haematology, GELTAMO: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Assouline:BeiGene: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Genentech/Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis Canada Inc.: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd.: Consultancy, Honoraria; Ipsen: Consultancy; Gilead: Honoraria; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy. Lossos:Not specified: Patents & Royalties; University of Miami: Current Employment; ADCT: Research Funding. Diefenbach:NYU Grossman School of Medicine/Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone Health: Current Employment; Gilead Sciences: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; OverT Therapeutics: Current equity holder in private company; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy; FATE Therapeutics: Research Funding; Genentech/Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genmab: Consultancy; I MAB: Consultancy; Incyte: Consultancy, Research Funding; MEI Pharma: Research Funding; Merck: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millenium: Research Funding; MorphoSys: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding. Ghosh:TG Therapeutics, Genentech/Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead, Morphosys, AbbVie: Research Funding; Seagen, TG Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Pharmacyclics, Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Beigene, Incyte, Karyopharm, Roche/Genentech, Novartis, Loxo Oncology, Genmab, Adaptive Biotech, ADC Therapeutics and Syncopation: Consultancy; Roche/Genentech, AbbVie, BMS: Research Funding; AstraZeneca, Pharmacyclics, Janssen, BMS, Kite Pharma, BeiGene, Incyte, Lava Therapeutics, Roche/Genentech, Novartis, Loxo Oncology, AbbVie, Genmab, Prepromene, and ADC Therapeutics, Ascentage and Ipsen.: Honoraria; AstraZeneca, Pharmacyclics, Janssen, BMS, Gilead Sciences, Kite Pharma, BeiGene, Incyte, Lava Therapeutics, Roche/Genentech, Novartis, Loxo Oncology, AbbVie, Genmab, Adaptive Biotech, Prepromene, Ascentage and Ipsen: Consultancy. Modi:AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Beigene: Speakers Bureau; Daiichi Sankyo: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genentech: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Genmab: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Karyopharm: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; ADC therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Naik:Janssen,Onclive: Honoraria. Shah:Gilead-Kite, BMS-Juno, Miltenyi, Lilly Onclogy, Novartis, Seattle Genetics, Janssen, Abbvie, Cargo, Beigene, Galapagos, AstraZeneca: Honoraria; Tundra Therapeutics: Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; Miltenyi Biomedicine, Lilly Oncology: Research Funding. Foley:Novartis and Gilead: Other: Advisory boards ; Novartis, Gilead and Janssen: Honoraria; Gilead, Novartis, Celgene: Speakers Bureau. Hodson:Astra Zeneca, GSK: Research Funding. Makadia:Genentech: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: have stock in Genentech. Pham:Roche Canada: Current Employment. Penuel:Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Wu:Roche/Genentech: Current Employment. Ead:Genentech: Current Employment, Current equity holder in private company, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company. To:Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Genentech, Inc.: Patents & Royalties. Batlevi:Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center: Ended employment in the past 24 months; BMS, Seattle Genetics, Kite, Karyopharm, TG Therapeutics, ADC Therapeutics, AbbVie, Genentech, Inc., Treeline Bioscience: Consultancy; Regeneron, Moderna: Divested equity in a private or publicly-traded company in the past 24 months; Epizyme, Autolus, Roche, Vincerx: Research Funding; Dava Oncology, TouchIME, Medscape: Honoraria; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd/Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Wei:F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Genentech, Inc.: Current Employment, Patents & Royalties. Budde:ADC Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, AbbVie, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Genentech, Inc., Genmab, Jenssen, Regeneron: Consultancy; AstraZeneca, Mustang Therapeutics, Merck: Research Funding; ADC Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, AbbiVe, Roche, Genentech, Genmab, Jenssen, Regeneron: Consultancy; AstraZeneca, Mustang Therapeutics, Merck: Research Funding; City of Hope National Medical Center: Current Employment.

All study therapy constituted investigational or off-label use. Mosunetuzumab (Lunsumio) is a bispecific CD20-directed CD3 T-cell engager indicated for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory FL after two or more lines of systemic therapy. Polatuzumab vedotin (Polivy) is a CD79b-directed antibody-drug conjugate indicated: in combination with a rituximab product, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (R-CHP) for the treatment of adult patients who have previously untreated DLBCL, NOS or HGBL and who have an IPI score of 2 or greater; and in combination with bendamustine and a rituximab product for the treatment of adult pts with relapsed or refractory DLBCL, NOS after at least two prior therapies. Rituximab (Rituxan) is a CD20-directed cytolytic antibody indicated for the treatment: in adult patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL), including relapsed or refractory, low grade or follicular, CD20-positive B cell NHL as a single agent, and previously untreated follicular, CD20-positive, B-cell NHL in combination with first line chemotherapy and, in patients achieving a complete or partial response to a rituximab product in combination with chemotherapy, as single-agent maintenance therapy; non-progressing (including stable disease), low-grade, CD20-positive, B-cell NHL as a single agent after first-line cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (CVP) chemotherapy; previously untreated diffuse large B-cell, CD20-positive NHL in combination with (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) (CHOP) or other anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens.